Mfundo yogwirira ntchito ndi ubwino wa mapampu amadzi a petulo

mfundo yoyendetsera ntchito

Pampu yamadzi ya injini yamafuta wamba ndi pampu ya centrifugal. Mfundo yogwira ntchito ya pampu ya centrifugal ndi yakuti pamene mpope wadzaza ndi madzi, injini imayendetsa chotsitsa kuti chizizungulira, ndikupanga mphamvu ya centrifugal. Madzi omwe ali mumtsinje wa impeller amaponyedwa kunja ndikulowa m'bokosi la mpope pansi pa mphamvu ya centrifugal. Chotsatira chake, kuthamanga kwapakati pa choyikapo kumachepa, chomwe chimakhala chochepa kusiyana ndi kupanikizika mkati mwa chitoliro cholowera. Pansi pa kupanikizika uku, madzi amathamangira mu choyikapo kuchokera padziwe loyamwa. Mwanjira iyi, mpope wamadzi umatha kuyamwa madzi mosalekeza ndikupereka madzi mosalekeza.

mawonekedwe

Injini yamafuta ndi injini yamagetsi yoyaka moto yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito mafuta ngati mafuta. Ma injini a petulo nthawi zambiri amatenga mawonekedwe a pisitoni, omwe amakhala ndi thupi lalikulu, makina olumikizira ndodo, makina a valve, makina operekera mafuta, makina opaka mafuta, ndi poyatsira moto.

Kapangidwe kake ka injini yamafuta ang'onoang'ono:

(1) Crankshaft yolumikizira ndodo: kuphatikiza pisitoni, ndodo yolumikizira, crankshaft, singano yodzigudubuza, chisindikizo chamafuta, ndi zina zambiri.

(2) Thupi la thupi: kuphatikiza mutu wa silinda, cylinder block, crankcase, muffler, chivundikiro choteteza, etc.

(3) Makina amafuta: kuphatikiza thanki yamafuta, switch, fyuluta, chikho chokhazikika, ndi carburetor.

(4) Dongosolo loziziritsira: kuphatikiza mafani oziziritsa, ma hood opangira zida, ndi zina zambiri. Zida zina zopopera zachikwama zimakhala ndi doko lozizirira kumbuyo kwa fani yayikulu, ndipo mpweya woziziritsa umatuluka kuchokera ku hood, kotero pali palibe chifukwa chapadera chothandizira chozizira.

(5) Dongosolo lopaka mafuta: Ma injini awiri amafuta a sitiroko amagwiritsa ntchito mafuta osakaniza ndi mafuta opaka mafuta opangira mafuta ndi makina operekera mafuta. Kupaka mafuta ndi mafuta a injini yamafuta anayi amasiyanitsidwa, ndipo crankcase imakhala ndi choyezera chamafuta opaka mafuta.

(6) Mavavu: Injini ya petulo ya sitiroko inayi imakhala ndi mavavu olowera ndi otulutsa, mikono ya rocker, ndodo zokankhira, matepi, ndi ma camshafts. Injini ya petulo yokhala ndi mikwingwirima iwiri ilibe mavavu olowera ndi kutulutsa, koma m'malo mwake imakhala ndi ma doko olowera, utsi, ndi utsi pa silinda, yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito kukwera ndi kutsika kwa pisitoni kutsegula kapena kutseka dzenje lililonse la mpweya.

(7) Dongosolo loyambira: Pali zida ziwiri, imodzi imapangidwa ndi chingwe choyambira ndi gudumu losavuta loyambira; Mtundu wina ndi rebound poyambira kapangidwe ndi mano kasupe chinkhoswe ndi zophimba zoteteza.

(8) poyatsira dongosolo: kuphatikizapo magneto, mkulu-voteji waya, spark pulagi, etc. Pali mitundu iwiri ya injini maginito: kukhudzana mtundu ndi kulumpha chimango dongosolo ndi contactless magetsi poyatsira dera.

mwayi

Ma injini a petulo ndi opepuka, amakhala ndi mtengo wotsika wopanga, phokoso lotsika, komanso magwiridwe antchito otsika kwambiri kuposa ma injini a dizilo, koma amakhala ndi mphamvu zotsika komanso amagwiritsa ntchito mafuta ambiri. Njinga zamoto, ma tcheni, ndi makina ena amphamvu otsika nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi injini za petulo zoziziritsidwa ndi mpweya wa mikwingwirima iwiri kuti zikhale zopepuka komanso zotsika mtengo; Ma injini a petulo otsika mphamvu, kuti akhale ndi dongosolo losavuta, ntchito yodalirika, komanso yotsika mtengo, makamaka amagwiritsa ntchito injini zinayi zoziziritsa madzi; Magalimoto ambiri ndi magalimoto ang'onoang'ono amagwiritsa ntchito injini zamoto zoziziritsa kumtunda za valve, koma ndi chidwi chowonjezeka pa nkhani zogwiritsira ntchito mafuta, injini za dizilo zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magalimoto amtunduwu; Mainjini omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'ndege zing'onozing'ono nthawi zambiri amakhala amafuta oziziritsidwa ndi mpweya okhala ndi zipinda zoyatsira za hemispherical kuti akhale opepuka komanso kukhala ndi mphamvu zokweza kwambiri.

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