Mukayamba kuyang'ana njira zosungira mphamvu zabizinesi yanu, kunyumba, kapena malo antchito, mudzawona mawu oti "genset."Kodi genset ndi chiyani kwenikweni?Ndipo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito chiyani?
Mwachidule, "genset" ndi chidule cha "generator set".Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyana ndi mawu odziwika bwino, "jenereta."Ndi gwero lamphamvu lomwe limagwiritsa ntchito injini kupanga magetsi.
Kodi genset imagwiritsidwa ntchito bwanji?
Anthu amakono sangathe kuyenda popanda magetsi.Kuchokera pa Wi-Fi ndi mauthenga mpaka kuunikira ndi kuwongolera nyengo, mabizinesi ndi nyumba zimafunikira mphamvu yokhazikika kuti igwire ntchito.
Seti ya jeneretaakhoza kuwonjezera chitetezo chowonjezera pakagwa brownouts kapena kuzima kwa magetsi.Majenereta oyimilira amatha kusunga machitidwe ovuta omwe akuyenda m'zipatala, mabizinesi, ndi m'nyumba ngati mphamvu zothandizira zitatha.
Gensets athanso kupereka magetsi odzipangira okha kumadera akutali kuchokera pagululi.Izi zikuphatikizapo malo omanga, misasa, madera akumidzi, ngakhalenso migodi ya pansi pa nthaka.Amalola anthu kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zomanga, kufufuza, kapena kukhala panjira yopunthidwa.
Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma jenereta amagetsi.Zonse zili ndi zigawo zofanana, zimafuna mtundu wina wa mafuta, ndipo zimayikidwa muzitsulo zoyambira.Koma palinso kusiyana kwakukulu.
Kodi genset imagwira ntchito bwanji?
Majenereta amagetsi amagwira ntchito mofanana ndi mmene magalimoto amachitira.Iwo ali ndi "prime mover" (injini) ndi alternator.
The injini otembenuka mafuta monga mafuta, dizilo, biogas, kapena gasi (mankhwala mphamvu) mu mphamvu makina.
Mphamvu zamakina zimazungulira alternator rotor kuti apange mphamvu zamagetsi.
Ma alternators ali ndi magawo awiri: rotor ndi stator.Pamene rotor imazungulira, mphamvu ya maginito pakati pa rotor ndi stator imapanga magetsi (electromagnetic induction).
Pamene magetsi pa stator akugwirizanitsa ndi katundu, amapanga magetsi okhazikika.
Nyumba zambiri ndi mabizinesi amapeza kugwiritsa ntchito ma gensets kukhala ofunikira chifukwa mphamvu ikapangidwa, imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yomweyo.Gensets amathetsa bwino kusokonezeka kulikonse chifukwa cha kutaya mphamvu.
AC vs. DC gensets: Kodi pali kusiyana kotani?
Majenereta onse amagwiritsa ntchito ma elekitiromagineti induction, koma makhazikitsidwe osiyanasiyana amatha kupanga mitundu iwiri ya mphamvu yamagetsi - alternating current (AC) kapena Direct current (DC).
Ma gensets ambiri ndi mtundu wa AC, koma ndikofunikira kudziwa kusiyana kwake.
Monga dzina lake limatanthawuzira, kusinthasintha kwamakono kumasintha njira.Imazungulira uku ndi uku kambirimbiri sekondi imodzi.Magetsi a AC amatha kuyenda pamagetsi okwera kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zothandiza potumiza mtunda wautali pagulu lamagetsi.Magetsi a transformer "amatsika" kuti agwiritse ntchito pang'ono.Majenereta a AC amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyendetsa ma mota ang'onoang'ono, zida zapakhomo, makompyuta, ndi zida zaofesi.
Direct panopa ikuyenda njira imodzi pa voteji m'munsi.Imakhala yosasinthasintha kuchokera ku jenereta kupita kumalo omaliza.Majenereta a DC amapangira ma motors amagetsi akuluakulu (monga masitima apamtunda), mabanki a mabatire ndi ma cell a solar, ndi magetsi a LED.
Kodi zigawo za genset ndi chiyani?
Ma jenereta amakhala ndi zigawo izi:
Injini/motor.Chigawo choyambirira cha genset, chimayenda pamafuta.Injini zabwino zimamangidwa mwamphamvu mokwanira kuti zikwaniritse zofunikira komanso zimagwira ntchito pamavuto (mwachitsanzo, nyengo yoyipa).
Alternator.Chigawochi chimasintha mphamvu zamakina kukhala magetsi;popanda izo, palibe mphamvu.
Gawo lowongolera.Izi zimakhala ngati "ubongo" wa genset, kulamulira ndi kulamulira zigawo zina zonse.
Njira yamafuta.Chigawochi chimakhala ndi matanki osungira ndi ma hoses omwe amatumiza mafuta ku injini.
Voltage regulator.Izi zimayang'anira kuchuluka kwa magetsi omwe genset imapanga ndikusintha mphamvu ya A/C kukhala ya D/C yapano.
Base frame / nyumba.Chimango choyambira chimathandizira jenereta ndikusunga zigawozo pamodzi.Imagwiranso ntchito ngati anti-vibration ndi systeming system, ndipo ikhoza kuyika tanki yamafuta kapena ayi.Itha kuyikidwa pamawilo kuti ikhale yosunthika.
kukoka chingwe makina kapena batire.Kuwala koyamba kumafunika kuti muyambitse kuyaka kwa jenereta yonyamula.Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika kudzera pa kukoka chingwe (monga chotchera udzu) kapena choyambira choyendetsedwa ndi batire ya DC.
Kusintha kwapamanja kapena basi.Kusintha kosinthira kumawongolera mphamvu pakati pa gwero lalikulu (mphamvu zothandizira) ndi wothandizira (jenereta).Izi zimapangitsa kuti magetsi aziyenda bwino komanso kupewa kusokoneza koopsa.
Bokosi la baffle kapena mpanda.Kaŵirikaŵiri chopangidwa ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, chidebechi chimachepetsa phokoso, chimalepheretsa dzimbiri, ndipo chimathandizira kutuluka kwa mpweya kuti injiniyo iziziritse.
Majenereta safuna kukonzanso kwambiri, koma ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa njira zawo zamkati.Mwanjira imeneyi, mutha kuchita zodzitetezera komanso zosamalira ngati pakufunika, komanso kudziwa momwe mungayitanitsa ziwalo zina.
Kodi mitundu ya gensets ndi chiyani?
Majenereta amabwera mosiyanasiyana ndipo amatha kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta osiyanasiyana.Zotsatirazi ndi machitidwe osiyanasiyana amafuta a jenereta, kuphatikiza zabwino ndi zoyipa za chilichonse.
Majenereta a petulo
Majenereta a petulo ndi njira yotchuka kwambiri chifukwa mafuta amapezeka mosavuta.Ma genset oyendetsedwa ndi gasi nawonso ndi otsika pamtengo wamtengo wapatali, ndipo amanyamula kwambiri.
Komabe, nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito gasi genset ikhoza kukhala yaifupi komanso yopanda mafuta.Mafuta amafuta amasungidwa kwa pafupifupi chaka chimodzi.Koma imathanso kuyaka kwambiri, zomwe zimatha kuyambitsa ngozi m'malo ena.
Majenereta a dizilo
Ma injini a dizilo ndi amphamvu kwambiri kuposa ma injini a petulo.Mafuta a dizilo nawonso satha kuyaka, ndipo kupezeka kwake ndikofala kwambiri.Ndi chisamaliro choyenera, ma gensets a dizilo amatha kukhala nthawi yayitali.
Zoyipa zazikulu ndikuti mafuta a dizilo amakhala abwino kwa zaka ziwiri zokha, ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri kumakwera mtengo.Ma injini a dizilo amatulutsanso mpweya wambiri.
Majenereta a biodiesel
Mafuta a biodiesel ndi osakaniza dizilo ndi zinthu zina zamoyo, monga mafuta a nyama kapena mafuta a masamba.Popeza imayaka ndi mpweya wochepa wa petroleum, imakonda kuwononga chilengedwe, imapanga zinyalala zochepa komanso mafuta ochepa.
Choyipa chachikulu, komabe, ndi kuchuluka kwa phokoso komwe kumalumikizidwa ndi injini za biodiesel.
Zosankha zochepetsera mpweya
Majenereta amathanso kuyendetsedwa ndi njira zochepetsera mpweya, kuphatikiza gasi, propane, kapena mphamvu yadzuwa.
Gasi wachilengedwe amapezeka kwambiri komanso ndi wotsika mtengo, ndipo amatha kuyenda kuchokera kumalo osungiramo shale, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti palibe kuwonjezeredwa.Komabe, vuto lalikulu ndilakuti jenereta ya gasi sivuta kunyamula ndipo ndiyokwera mtengo kuyiyika.
Propane imayaka mwaukhondo ndipo imakhala ndi shelufu yayitali komanso imatha kuyaka kwambiri.Mitengo yoikamo ndi yokwera kwambiri, ndipo majenereta ameneŵa amawotcha mafuta owirikiza katatu kuposa amene amagwiritsira ntchito dizilo.
Majenereta a sola amayendetsedwa ndi dzuwa, kotero kuti mafuta oyambira kulibe, ndipo ntchito yake ndi yosavuta.Chotsalira apa ndi kuchepa kwa mphamvu zamagetsi.Komanso, nthawi yolipira imachedwa;ngati simukusungira ndalama zokwanira, mafuta obwera molakwika akhoza kusokoneza.
Majenereta ang'onoang'ono osunga zosunga zobwezeretsera m'nyumba nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mafuta, koma majenereta akuluakulu amafakitale nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito dizilo kapena gasi.
Genset kukula ndi ntchito
Ma jenereta ali ndi mphamvu zosiyanasiyana zotulutsa mphamvu komanso kuthamanga kwa injini.Amatha kuyima okha kapena kulumikizidwa ndi nyumba.Majenereta ena onyamulika amakhala ndi mawilo kapena amayikidwa pamakalavani kuti athe kukokedwa kuchokera kumalo ena kupita kwina.
Mukasankha genset, muyenera kuyang'ana zinthu monga kupanga magetsi, kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta, kudalirika, komanso kumanga mwamphamvu.
Kumvetsetsa mphamvu yamagetsi ndikothandizanso: Kutulutsa kumayesedwa mu watts kapena kilowatts.Majenereta akuluakulu amatha kupanga magetsi ambiri koma amakhala ndi mafuta ambiri;komabe, majenereta ang'onoang'ono sangapange mphamvu zomwe mukufuna.
Kumvetsetsa kozama kwa mphamvu zanu ndizofunikira kukuthandizani kusankha mtundu wamtundu wabwino.
Ubwino wa gensets
Ngati nyumba yanu kapena bizinesi yanu imathandizidwa ndi magetsi okalamba kapena mizere, ndiye kuti mumadziwa zosokoneza.N'chimodzimodzinso ngati mukukhala kapena kugwira ntchito m'dera limene nyengo imakhala yoopsa kwambiri monga mphepo yamkuntho kapena mphepo yamkuntho.
Kutaya mphamvu kumatanthauza kuti mwatsekedwa bwino.Kwa mabizinesi, kusokoneza kulikonse kapena nthawi yocheperako kumatha kubweretsa kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwachuma.
Chifukwa chake, pali zabwino zambiri zokhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito genset.
Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gwero loyambira kapena losunga mphamvu.
Imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gwero lalikulu lamphamvu pantchito zomanga kapena ntchito zakutali.
Imagwira ntchito ngati gwero lamagetsi mwadzidzidzi pakagwa mwadzidzidzi magetsi a gridi.
Amapereka chitetezo ku brownouts, zomwe zimatha kusokoneza.
Imasunga ndalama kumadera omwe kufunikira kwakukulu kwa gridi ndikokwera - ndipo, chifukwa chake, kumakhala kokwera mtengo.
Majenereta amagetsi adzidzidzi amapereka mphamvu zodalirika zopewera kuwonongeka kwachuma ndi kuphwanya chitetezo.Angathe ngakhale kuletsa imfa m’zipatala ndi m’nyumba zosungira anthu okalamba.Mabizinesi ambiri amadalira ma gensets kuti achepetse zovuta za kuzimitsidwa kwa magetsi.Izi zimawathandiza kuti apitirize kugwira ntchito, ngakhale panthawi zovuta.
Kukhala ndi genset okonzeka pakachitika kusokonezeka kwa mphamvu kumatha kupulumutsa moyo, nthawi zina kwenikweni.Ndipo ngakhale muzochitika zomwe sizili zamoyo-kapena-imfa, genset imatha kuonetsetsa kuti zikuyenda bwino popanda kusokoneza.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-24-2022