Zachidziwikire: Kutentha kwa ma jenereta a dizilo oziziritsidwa ndi mpweya kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito mphepo yachilengedwe kuziziritsa mwachindunji majenereta a dizilo.Majenereta a dizilo oziziritsidwa ndi madzi amazizidwa ndi choziziritsira mozungulira thanki yamadzi ndi silinda, pomwe majenereta a dizilo oziziritsidwa ndi mafuta amazizidwa ndi mafuta a injini yake.Njira yozizira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamtundu uliwonse wa jenereta ya dizilo imatengera kapangidwe ka jenereta ya dizilo, ndipo pakadali kusiyana kwa magwiridwe antchito pakati pa njira zitatuzi zoziziritsa.Ubwino wa injini zoziziritsa kukhosi ndikuti ali ndi mawonekedwe osavuta ndipo safuna zowonjezera zowonjezera.Zipsepse zowononga kutentha pa cylinder block ndi mutu wa silinda zimatha kukwaniritsa zofunika pakutentha kwa injini.Komabe, ngati igwiritsidwa ntchito mosalekeza, injiniyo imatha kuwola chifukwa cha njira imodzi yokha yochotsera kutentha.Komano, mainjini oziziritsidwa ndi madzi amakhala ndi kuziziritsa kwakukulu chifukwa choyambitsa madzi atsopano kuti athetse kutentha.Ngakhale injini ya dizilo itayenda kwa nthawi yayitali, kutentha kwa injini sikudzakhala kokwera kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale njira yabwino kwambiri yoziziritsira kutentha.
1. Jenereta ya dizilo yozikika ndi mpweya
1. Ubwino
Makina ozizira a Zero (kuzizira kwachilengedwe) ma jenereta a dizilo oziziritsidwa ndi mpweya amakhala otsika mtengo ndipo amakhala ndi malo ochepa.
2. Kuipa
Kutentha kwapang'onopang'ono komanso kocheperako ndi mawonekedwe a ma jenereta a dizilo, monga ma inline 4-cylinder engines, omwe sagwiritsa ntchito kuziziritsa mpweya, injini yapakati ya 2-cylinder siyingathe kutulutsa kutentha, kotero kuziziritsa kwa mpweya ndikoyenera kwa 2-cylinder generator dizilo.
Silinda yoziziritsidwa ndi mpweya idzapangidwa ndi masinki akuluakulu otentha ndi ma ducts a mpweya.Ngati jenereta ya dizilo yopangidwa bwino ndi mpweya yadzaza, palibe vuto lililonse.Ambiri mwa iwo ndi injini zoziziritsidwa ndi mpweya ndipo alibe masilinda otsekedwa chifukwa cha kutentha kwambiri.Dongosolo lozizira la zero la ma jenereta a dizilo limakhala ndi mtengo wotsika, ndipo bola ngati likusamalidwa bwino, sipadzakhala vuto la kutentha kwambiri.M'malo mwake, kutentha kwakukulu mu injini zoziziritsa madzi ndizofala kwambiri.Mwachidule, kuziziritsa kwa mpweya ndikokwanira kutulutsa mphamvu kwa silinda imodzi yotsika kwambiri, kotero palibe chifukwa chodera nkhawa za mtunda wautali.
2. Madzi utakhazikika dizilo jenereta
1. Ubwino
Imatha kuwongolera kutentha kwamphamvu kwambiri komanso majenereta a dizilo othamanga kwambiri.Kutentha kukakhala kocheperako, valavu ya injini yoziziritsa madzi imatseka mpaka kutentha kwamafuta kukwera kuti akwaniritse bwino kwambiri.Kutentha kukakhala kokwera, valavu yotsekemera imatsegula bwino thanki yamadzi kuti iyambe kugwira ntchito.Kutentha kukakwera kwambiri, chowotcha chimayamba kuzirala mpaka kutentha koyenera kwa jenereta ya dizilo.Iyi ndi mfundo yokhazikika yogwiritsira ntchito madzi utakhazikika.
2. Kuipa
Mtengo wokwera, kapangidwe kake kovutirapo, komanso kulephera kwakukulu chifukwa cha malo akulu okhala ndi thanki yamadzi yakunja.
Majenereta a dizilo amadzi ozizira ndi njira yozizirira yokhala ndi kutentha kwabwino.Mfundo ya kuziziritsa madzi ndi kuziziritsa yamphamvu liner ndi mutu powakulunga ndi madzi oyenda.Zomwe zimafunikira pakuziziritsa madzi ndi mpope wamadzi, chowongolera kutentha kwa thanki yamadzi, ndi fan.Kuziziritsa kwamadzi ndi njira yoziziritsira yofunikira yama cylinder angapo, yamphamvu kwambiri, komanso majenereta a dizilo othamanga kwambiri (okhala ndi kuziziritsa kwapawiri kwamafuta amadzi).Ma injini ang'onoang'ono a silinda imodzi nthawi zambiri safuna kuziziritsa madzi ndipo sangathe kutulutsa kutentha kochuluka.
3, Mafuta utakhazikika dizilo jenereta
1. Ubwino
Zotsatira zoziziritsa ndizodziwikiratu, ndipo kulephera kumakhala kochepa.Kutentha kwamafuta ochepa kumatha kuchepetsa kukhuthala kwakukulu kwamafuta.
2. Kuipa
Pali zoletsa pa kuchuluka kwa mafuta ofunikira pamajenereta a dizilo.Radiator yamafuta siyenera kukhala yayikulu kwambiri.Ngati mafutawo ndi aakulu kwambiri, amatha kulowa mu rediyeta yamafuta, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pansi pa jenereta ya dizilo pakhale mafuta osakwanira.
Kuziziritsa kwamafuta kumagwiritsa ntchito mafuta ake a injini kuti azitha kutentha kudzera pa radiator yamafuta (radiyeta yamafuta ndi thanki yamadzi ndizofanana, imodzi yokha imakhala ndi mafuta pomwe inayo imakhala ndi madzi).Chifukwa mphamvu yozungulira ya kuziziritsa mafuta imachokera ku mpope wamafuta wa jenereta ya dizilo, kuziziritsa kwamafuta kumangofunika chotenthetsera chamafuta (thanki yamafuta).Kuziziritsa kwamafuta apamwamba kumakhala ndi fan ndi throttle valve.Makina ozizirira mafuta nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi makina apakatikati a arcade, kutsata kukhazikika komanso kutentha kwa fan.Makina oziziritsa mpweya a silinda imodzi ndi oyenera kusinthira ku kuzirala kwamafuta, ndipo kusintha kuchoka pa makina oziziritsa mpweya wa silinda imodzi kupita ku kuziziritsa mafuta kumangofunika kuwonjezera chotenthetsera chamafuta pakati pa njira yamafuta.
4. Kuyerekeza ubwino ndi kuipa
1. Kusiyana pakati pa kuzirala kwa mafuta ndi kuziziritsa madzi
Choyamba, kutentha kwa rediyeta yoziziritsidwa ndi mafuta kumakhala kokhuthala kwambiri, pomwe chotengera chamadzi choziziritsa chamadzi chimakhala chochepa kwambiri.Ma radiator ozizilitsidwa ndi mafuta nthawi zambiri amakhala ochepa kukula kwake, pomwe ma radiator oziziritsidwa ndi madzi amakhala ndi thupi lokulirapo.Ngati makina anu ali ndi ma radiator amitundu yonse, ndiye kuti chachikulu ndi radiator yoziziritsidwa ndi madzi.Kusiyanitsa kwina kofunikira ndikuti ma radiator ambiri oziziritsidwa ndi madzi amakhala ndi mafani amagetsi kumbuyo kwawo, pomwe ma radiator oziziritsidwa ndi mafuta sagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri (ngakhale injini za dizilo ziwiri sizigwiritsa ntchito mafani a radiator).
2. Ubwino ndi kuipa kwake
(1) Mafuta ozizira:
Chozizira chamafuta chimakhala ndi radiator yofanana ndi radiator yozizirira madzi, yomwe imazungulira mafuta mkati mwa jenereta ya dizilo kuti muchepetse kutentha.Poyerekeza ndi choziziritsa madzi, kapangidwe kake kamakhalanso kosavuta.Chifukwa cha kuzizira kwachindunji kwa mafuta omwe amapaka zigawo za jenereta ya dizilo, kutentha kwa kutentha kumakhala bwino, komwe kuli bwino kuposa chitsanzo cha mpweya wozizira, koma osati ngati madzi ozizira.
(2) Madzi ozizira:
Mapangidwe a makina oziziritsa madzi ndi ovuta, ndipo thupi la silinda, mutu wa silinda, ngakhale bokosi la jenereta la dizilo liyenera kukonzedwanso (poyerekeza ndi makina ofanana ndi mpweya wozizira), zomwe zimafuna mapampu apadera amadzi, akasinja amadzi, mafani, madzi. mapaipi, kusintha kutentha, etc. Mtengo umakhalanso wapamwamba kwambiri, ndipo voliyumuyo imakhala yokulirapo.Komabe, ili ndi zotsatira zabwino kwambiri zoziziritsa komanso kuzizira kofanana.Ubwino wa injini yamadzi ozizira ndikuti imataya kutentha mofulumira, imatha kuthamanga mofulumira kwa nthawi yaitali, ndipo sichimatenthedwa ndi kutentha.Komabe, choyipa chake ndichakuti injini yoziziritsa madzi imakhala ndi mawonekedwe ovuta, ndipo ngati payipi ikakalamba pakapita nthawi, imakhala ndi kutayikira koziziritsa.Ngati choziziriracho chitsikira kumidzi, chimapangitsa galimotoyo kusweka, kubweretsa ngozi yobisika.Komabe, zonse, ubwino wake umaposa kuipa.
(3) Mpweya wozizira:
Kapangidwe ka injini za dizilo zoziziritsidwa ndi mpweya zimawonekera makamaka pakuwonekera kwa injiniyo.Injiniyo siinakulungidwa mu phukusi lililonse, ndipo bola ngati yayambika, padzakhala kufalikira kwa mpweya.Mpweya wozizira umayenda kudzera m'zipsepse zotaya kutentha za zida za injini, kutenthetsa mpweya ndikuchotsa kutentha kwina.Kuzungulira kumeneku kumapangitsa kuti injiniyo ikhale yotentha kwambiri.
Chidule:
Ma injini oziziritsidwa ndi madzi ndi makina oziziritsa mpweya amafotokozera njira zoziziritsira injini, chifukwa mitundu iwiriyi ya zitsanzo imagwiritsa ntchito mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kutentha kwa kutentha, zomwe zimapangitsa kusiyana kwa mfundo zawo zenizeni zogwirira ntchito.Komabe, mitundu yonse iwiri ya injini imagwiritsa ntchito mphepo yachilengedwe pochotsa kutentha, kupatula kuti injini zoziziritsa madzi zimakhala ndi kutentha kwambiri.Nthawi zambiri, ma injini oziziritsidwa ndi madzi amatha kutulutsa mwachangu kutentha komwe kumabwera chifukwa cha ntchito ya injini panthawi yonse yogwira ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito madzi owonjezera kuti athetse kutentha.Komabe, injini zoziziritsa mpweya zimakhala zochepa mphamvu chifukwa chosowa njira zowonjezera zowonjezera zowonjezera, koma mawonekedwe awo ndi osavuta.Malingana ngati ukhondo wa mutu wa silinda ndi cylinder block ukusungidwa, dongosolo lawo lozizira silidzakhala ndi zolakwika.Komabe, ma injini oziziritsidwa ndi madzi amafunikira mapampu owonjezera amadzi, ma radiator, zoziziritsa kukhosi, ndi zina zotere, motero mtengo woyambira wopanga komanso mtengo wokonzanso ndi kukonzanso pambuyo pake ndi wapamwamba kuposa mainjini oziziritsidwa ndi mpweya.
Nthawi yotumiza: Mar-01-2024